Aerial Cables are rated for handing on poles. They tend to be stronger to reduce sag between structures and often include a steel or aramid yarn strength member. They are designed to resist temperature swings, ice and wind.
Direct buried rated cables have a thicker, more rugged outer sheath to protect against abrasion and rodent protection. They have water blocking jel or tape and may be armored with corrugated steel.
Underground (in a duct) cables typically have a smoother outer jacket for easier pulling, may not be armored, may have water blocking gel or tape, and are more flexible than direct-buried cables.